The Effects of Recyclable Waste on Children's Health

Abstract

Children represent one of the most vulnerable population groups regarding environmental exposures due to their rapid physiological development, higher respiratory rates, hand-to-mouth behaviors, and immature detoxification systems. Improper management of recyclable waste—such as plastics, metals, paper, glass, and electronic materials—creates multiple environmental risks that may negatively affect children’s respiratory health, skin integrity, neurodevelopment, and overall well-being. This study aims to synthesize current national literature on the health effects of recyclable waste, children’s environmental awareness, and the role of educational programs in reducing environmental risks. A literature search was conducted using TR Dizin, DergiPark and open-access university databases between 2017 and 2024. Keywords included “recycling,” “child health,” “environmental awareness,” and “waste management.” Findings indicate that exposure to air pollutants from unmanaged waste increases the prevalence of asthma, allergic reactions, chronic cough, and eye irritation among children. Additionally, mismanaged electronic waste leads to heavy metal exposure, which has been associated with attention deficits and impaired neurocognitive development. Another important finding is that structured educational programs, project-based learning activities, and family involvement play significant roles in improving children’s environmental knowledge, attitudes, and sustainable behaviors. National initiatives such as the “Zero Waste Project” have been effective in raising awareness; however, implementation varies across institutions. This study highlights the need for integrated school-family-community collaboration to promote sustainable waste management and protect child health. Recommendations for educators, policymakers, and families are provided to strengthen environmental awareness and reduce waste-related health risks.